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Guggenheim Helsinki Plan describes the initiative to establish a Guggenheim museum in Helsinki, Finland. After rejection of an initial plan, a new plan, introduced in 2013, is being considered. Following the 2011 proposal of a plan by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation for a museum next to South Harbour, Helsinki, a debate was waged among local political and culture activists. The project's construction cost were estimated at 130–140 million euros to be paid by the city of Helsinki and the Finnish State. The Guggenheim's annual license fee was estimated as 23.4 million euros, and museum running costs of 14.4 million euros per year would outstrip annual admission fees of only 4.5 million euros. A survey found that 75% of citizens in Helsinki, and 82% of citizens in Vantaa, opposed the project. The Helsinki City Council rejected the plan in 2012.〔 In 2013, Finland's Parliamentary Ombudsman issued a report concluding that Finnish investor and art collector Carl Gustaf Ehrnrooth, a member of the Board of Directors of the Guggenheim Foundation, and Janne Gallen-Kallela-Sirén, director of the Helsinki City Art Museum and a chief exponent of the Guggenhiem plan, had conflicts of interest involving the plan and each other. In September 2013, the Guggenheim Foundation advanced a revised proposal that sought to address the concerns. Operating cost estimates were revised downwards, while revenues were forecast by the Foundation to increase. In January 2014, the city board agreed to reserve a site for a potential museum at Eteläsatama and authorized the Foundation to hold an international architecture competition to design the potential museum.〔 The competition drew a record 1,715 submissions, and six finalists were announced in December 2014. In June 2015 the French-Japanese architecture firm Moreau Kusunoki Architectes was selected as the winner.〔 == Initial proposal == In 2009, then-Director of Helsinki City Art Museum, Janne Gallen-Kallela-Sirén, introduced to the city of Helsinki the idea to approach the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in New York regarding establishing a museum in Helsinki that might stimulate tourism. In January 2011 the Guggenheim proposed a plan to the Helsinki City Council. The proposal was for a 12,000 square meter building, with the museum comprising 4,000 square meters. Helsinki would pay the construction costs, estimated as 130–140 million euros, plus the land costs.〔("Helsinki city council reserves plot for Guggenheim" ), Yle Uutiset, 14 January 2014〕 The museum was planned to be supervised by a board with 4 members from Helsinki and 3 from the Guggenheim. Five to eight exhibitions annually were assumed. The museum would also provide pedagogical and educational programs highlighting Finnish art, architecture and design.〔HS 11.1.2012, p. A4〕 The Guggenheim Foundation persuaded the City Council to commission the Guggenheim Foundation itself, for a fee of 1.15 million euros, to study the feasibility of building the museum for the Foundation, a move that American professor of architecture Peggy Deamer summarized as: "Despite quibbles regarding which entity has more to gain in the marriage—the Guggenheim or Helsinki—there is no speculation about who operates under whose umbrella. This is a purely fiduciary undertaking in which the Guggenheim 'oversees' Finland’s financial performance."〔(Peggy Deamer, "The Guggenheim Helsinki Competition: What is the Value Proposition?" ), ''The Avery Review'', no.9, Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation.〕 Berndt Arell, Director of the National Gallery in Stockholm, Sweden, supported the project and participated in the steering committee of the evaluation. Arell was a director of The Svenska Kulturfonden, which contributed 250,000 euros to support the Guggenheim evaluation. The Finnish Cultural Foundation also supported the project.〔Gyggenheiin varjo$$a, Kaarina Taipale (toim). 2012, p. 22; Guggenheim Study, pp. 12–13〕 The feasibility study, presented in January 2012, recommended building the museum in Helsinki’s South Harbor.〔Gulstad, Hanne Cecilie. ("Guggenheim director back in Helsinki to revive plans for a museum" ), ''The Art Newspaper'', August 8, 2013. accessed September 14, 2015.〕 The Guggenheim's study was based partly on a survey, made by Boston Consulting Group, estimating the museum's annual attendance at 530,000 visitors, 200,000 more than existing museums.〔("Report says Guggenheim museum could bring millions in tax revenues" ), ''Helsingin Sanomat'', January 12, 2012, accessed February 7, 2014〕 Paavo Arhinmäki, Finland’s Minister for Culture and Sport, and a member of the Helsinki city council, doubted the estimate.〔Ajatko alas Helsingin taidemuseota, Janne Gallen-Kallela-Sirén? HS 3.2.2012〕 The report estimated the museum's running costs at 14.4 million euros annually. An estimated 530,000 annual visitor entry fees would cover 4.5 million euros of these costs. Costs for the city of Helsinki would be 6.8 million euros and for the State of Finland, 700,000 euros annually. Interest costs from the construction loan were expected to be 7.5 million euros annually.〔Selvityksen mukan museo lisäisi verotuloja miljoonilla, 1 December 2012, p. A13〕〔"Viikko lukuina", Suomen Kuvalehti, p. 9, February 2012〕 The study provoked fears that the Guggenheim Foundation would have all the decision-making power in the Guggenheim Helsinki plan, while the City of Helsinki would retain all of the expenses and risk. Initially, also, there was discussion that Guggenheim Helsinki might not have an independent art collection, but that the collection would be merged with that of the Helsinki City Art Museum.〔 Later, the Guggenheim confirmed that the museum would have its own art collection.〔 In May 2012, the city counsel rejected the plan in a narrow vote of 8 against 7,〔("Helsinki City Council rejects Guggenheim project" ), Yle, 3 May 2012〕 citing the costs of the project, including the Guggenheim's licensing fee of 23.4 million euros, that would have been borne by Helsinki.〔Joonas Laitinen, Joonas and Aleksi Teivainen. ("Architectural competition for Guggenheim Helsinki to begin this spring" ), ''Helsinki Times'', 14 January 2014〕〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Guggenheim Helsinki Plan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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